What Is Written In The Genes?

Genes play an essential role in passing hereditary characteristics from one generation to the next. Since they are passed from parents to their children, they are responsible for the similarities between parents and children, and give basis for the creation of new human beings. The products of the genes are proteins which are the main macromolecules in the organisms. Proteins are comprised of 20 different smaller molecules called amino acids. The genes encode the correct amino acid sequence and the information on the amino acid type.

The specific amino acid sequence encoded by a gene results in a specific protein. In this way, the genetic makeup, together with the environmental influences, forms the uniqueness of each individual.